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Neural cell adhesion molecules in activity-dependent development and synaptic plasticity

R D Fields1, K Itoh

  • 1National Institutes of Health, NICHD, Unit on Neurocytology and Physiology, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Trends in Neurosciences
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are crucial for neuron connections and brain plasticity. Research shows CAMs regulate neural structure and function, impacting learning and memory.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are essential for neuronal development and connectivity.
  • Emerging evidence indicates CAMs also play roles in activity-dependent neural plasticity.
  • Their function extends from embryonic development to adult synaptic plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell adhesion molecules in neural plasticity.
  • To explore how neural activity regulates CAM expression and function.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which CAMs influence neuronal structure and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Studied CAM expression in mouse dorsal-root ganglia neurons.
  • Examined CAM involvement in synaptic plasticity in Aplysia.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigated CAM function in chick learning and rat hippocampus long-term potentiation.
  • Utilized antibody blockade and genetic models (transgenic mice) to assess CAM function.

    • Main Results:

    • Neural impulses can regulate specific CAM expression and alter cell-cell adhesion in cultured neurons.
    • Changes in CAM expression correlate with synaptic plasticity, learning, and long-term potentiation.
    • Disrupting CAM function blocks long-term potentiation and impairs learning.
    • Transgenic mice lacking specific CAMs exhibit learning deficits.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell adhesion molecules are critical regulators of neural plasticity across different species and developmental stages.
    • CAMs influence neuronal structure and function by modulating cell adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, and intracellular signaling pathways.
    • These findings highlight CAMs as key molecular players in learning, memory, and adaptive neural processes.