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An anesthetized dog heatstroke model

G Bynum, J Patton, W Bowers

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
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    This study developed an anesthetized dog model for heatstroke research. The model mimics human heatstroke physiological responses and tissue damage, aiding future studies on hyperthermia treatments.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Physiology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Heatstroke is a severe condition with high mortality.
    • Developing reliable animal models is crucial for understanding heatstroke pathophysiology and testing interventions.
    • Previous models have limitations in replicating human heatstroke responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish and validate an anesthetized dog model for heatstroke.
    • To characterize the physiological and pathological changes during induced heatstroke in dogs.
    • To assess the model's suitability for human heatstroke research.

    Main Methods:

    • Forty-six dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium.
    • Animals were exposed to high ambient temperatures (42-46°C) to induce hyperthermia (rectal temperatures of 43.0-44.5°C).

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  • Physiological parameters (temperatures, cardiac output, vital signs) and serum constituents were monitored; autopsies were performed.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant temperature differences were found between liver, kidney, brain, and rectal temperatures.
    • Cardiac output initially increased then rapidly decreased, accompanied by cardiovascular collapse and altered respiration.
    • Serum analysis indicated tissue damage, and autopsies showed organ congestion and lymphocyte karyorrhexis.

    Conclusions:

    • The anesthetized dog model effectively replicates key physiological and pathological features of human heatstroke.
    • This model demonstrates cardiovascular instability, respiratory compromise, and tissue damage consistent with hyperthermia.
    • The model is suitable for further investigation into heatstroke mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.