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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

A Convenient Method for Extraction and Analysis with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography of Catecholamine Neurotransmitters and Their Metabolites
Published on: March 1, 2018
Extraction of benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite) and opiates (codeine and morphine) from urine samples using the
F X Diamond1, W E Vickery, J de Kanel
1National Medical Services, Inc., Willow Grove, Pennsylvania 19090, USA.
Abstract:
The Zymark RapidTrace automated solid-phase extraction system has been evaluated for use in the urine drug-testing laboratory. Methods for cocaine metabolite (benzoylecgonine) and opiates (codeine and morphine) are described and evaluated. The linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, and carryover statistics of these analytical protocols are presented. The advantages of extraction using the RapidTrace instead of solid-phase extraction with the manual vacuum manifold or liquid-liquid extraction methods are described.

