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Translation in plants--rules and exceptions

J Fütterer1, T Hohn

  • 1Institute of Plant Sciences, ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland.

Plant Molecular Biology
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Plant translation, similar to eukaryotes, uses scanning models but features unique viral mRNA strategies like leaky scanning and frameshifting for complex gene expression. Molecular mechanisms for stress and developmental regulation remain largely undetermined.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Science
  • Virology

Background:

  • Plant translation shares eukaryotic similarities, often explained by the scanning model.
  • Plant viruses frequently employ unconventional messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for gene expression.
  • Regulation of translation during plant stress and development is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore unconventional translation mechanisms in plants, particularly those used by viruses.
  • To understand how plant viruses express polycistronic mRNAs.
  • To investigate ribosome binding and scanning behaviors in plant RNA.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of viral mRNA structures and translation strategies.
  • Examination of mechanisms like leaky scanning, stop codon readthrough, and frameshifting.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of cap-independent ribosome binding and internal ribosome entry sites.

    • Main Results:

    • Plant viruses utilize modulated translation processes (leaky scanning, readthrough, frameshifting) for polycistronic mRNA expression.
    • Leader and trailer sequences facilitate efficient, often cap-independent, ribosome binding.
    • Ribosome shunting allows scanning ribosomes to bypass specific RNA sequences.

    Conclusions:

    • Plant translation exhibits unique viral strategies beyond the standard scanning model.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular basis of translational regulation in plants under stress and during development.