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[Carbon tetrachloride poisoning]

F J Ochoa Gómez1, V Lisa Catón, I Saralegui Reta

  • 1Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario San Millán-San Pedro, Logroño.

Anales De Medicina Interna (Madrid, Spain : 1984)
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Severe carbon tetrachloride poisoning from solvent inhalation caused liver damage in three workers. One patient also experienced acute renal failure, requiring hemodialysis and N-acetylcysteine treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Occupational Medicine
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a toxic industrial solvent with known hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects.
  • Occupational exposure to CCl4 can occur through inhalation of vapors, particularly in industrial settings.
  • Severe poisoning cases are sporadically reported, necessitating clear diagnostic and treatment protocols.

Observation:

  • Three patients presented with severe acute carbon tetrachloride poisoning after occupational inhalation exposure.
  • Exposure occurred during work activities involving CCl4 as a solvent.
  • Symptoms included significant hepatic dysfunction; one patient developed acute renal failure.

Findings:

  • Delayed medical care (over 24 hours post-exposure) was noted in all cases.
  • All patients received N-acetylcysteine (300 mg/kg) and oxygen therapy.
  • The patient with acute renal failure required hemodialysis for recovery.

Implications:

  • Highlights the risk of severe CCl4 poisoning in occupational settings, even with sporadic occurrences.
  • Emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis and intervention for CCl4-induced organ damage.
  • Underscores the role of N-acetylcysteine and supportive care, including hemodialysis, in managing severe poisoning cases.

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