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Infectious complications in left ventricular assist device recipients

S A Fischer1, G M Trenholme, M R Costanzo

  • 1Section of Infectious Disease, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
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Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) infections in heart failure patients can be successfully treated with antibiotics, allowing for subsequent heart transplantation without device removal or infection recurrence.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are crucial for end-stage heart failure patients awaiting transplantation.
  • LVAD implantation is associated with significant infection risks, yet management strategies and outcomes remain understudied.

Observation:

  • Infections developed in 40% of the initial 20 LVAD recipients.
  • Three patients (15%) experienced LVAD-related bloodstream infections, caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Candida tropicalis.

Findings:

  • All infected patients received prolonged antibiotic therapy (≥6 weeks) suitable for prosthetic valve endocarditis.
  • Successful cardiac transplantation was achieved in all three infected patients.
  • No evidence of infection recurrence was observed up to 16 months post-transplantation.

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Implications:

  • LVAD-related infections are treatable without device explantation.
  • Cardiac transplantation is a viable option for patients with LVAD bloodstream infections.
  • This study provides evidence for managing LVAD infections and their impact on transplant candidacy.