New biosensors for environmental analysis

Environmental analysis requires fast and reliable measurement results. Biosensors, which facilitate integral monitoring as well as single substance analysis, achieve high sensitivities in a minimum of measuring time. Four new on-line biosensors, which cover a wide range of environmentally relevant substances, are introduced: A water-quality monitoring bacteria electrode, whose gradual development is described as an example, a heavy-metal screening urease inhibition sensor, a genotoxic potential as well as a immunotoxic potential indicating sensor. Future prospects are given.