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Reduced ischemia and reperfusion injury following exercise training
J R Libonati1, J P Gaughan, C A Hefner
1Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Bouve' College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|April 1, 1997
Summary
Sprint exercise training enhances heart function after ischemia and reperfusion. Sprinting improved myocardial performance and reduced damage, suggesting increased resistance to cardiac events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Exercise Science
- Myocardial Biology
Background:
- Exercise training can modify cardiac function and resilience.
- Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is a significant clinical concern.
- Understanding the differential effects of training modalities on cardiac I/R is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of endurance versus sprint exercise training on myocardial performance post-ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).
- To compare the effects of these training types on isolated heart function and cellular electrophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Rats underwent 6 weeks of either endurance or sprint running training.
- Isolated hearts were subjected to 20 minutes of no-flow ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfusion.
- Myocardial function (pressure, dP/dt), cellular contraction, calcium transients, and action potentials were measured.
Main Results:
- Sprint training significantly improved left ventricular developed pressure and its first derivative during reperfusion compared to endurance and control.
- Sprint-trained hearts exhibited lower end-diastolic pressure and enhanced single-cell contractions.
- Ischemia/reperfusion prolonged action potentials in control myocytes but not in trained myocytes; sprint-trained hearts showed higher glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity.
Conclusions:
- Sprint exercise training confers superior protection to the myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion injury compared to endurance training.
- This protection may involve enhanced myofilament calcium sensitivity and increased myocardial expression of key enzymes like glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.