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Related Experiment Videos

Effect of test environment on intervertebral disc hydration

D S Pflaster1, M H Krag, C C Johnson

  • 1Smith & Nephew DonJoy, Inc., Carlsbad, California, USA.

Spine
|January 15, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Human disc hydration is unaffected by typical preparation methods. Saline baths cause swelling, but physiological compression prevents or reverses this, mimicking in vivo conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Spinal Biomechanics
  • Tissue Hydration

Background:

  • Intervertebral disc water content is crucial for its mechanical properties.
  • Specimen preparation and testing environments may significantly alter disc hydration.
  • Limited research exists on the specific impact of experimental conditions on disc water content.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate how different specimen preparation techniques affect human lumbar intervertebral disc hydration.
  • To determine the influence of saline spray, saline bath, and axial compression on disc water content.
  • To assess the impact of testing environments on the hydration status of intervertebral discs.

Main Methods:

  • Human lumbar intervertebral discs (with endplates) were prepared from cadavers within 24 hours of death.

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  • Water content was measured by changes in specimen weight after various preparation steps and environmental exposures.
  • Specimens were exposed to saline spray, saline bath, and axial compression (445 N) under different conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Specimen preparation, including freeze-thaw cycles, did not alter water content.
    • Saline spray and plastic film wrap did not change hydration levels.
    • Saline bath exposure led to a 24% increase in water content over 7 hours, while subsequent compression reduced this to 10%.

    Conclusions:

    • Standard specimen preparation and saline spray/film wrap do not impact disc hydration.
    • Saline bath immersion causes significant disc swelling.
    • Physiological axial compression can mitigate or reverse saline-induced swelling, potentially preserving in vivo hydration states.