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Field programmable gate array in a fast 256-channel data acquisition system

C Y Li1, W K Pluta, D Kilpatrick

  • 1Div. of Clinical Sciences, Univ. of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.

Australasian Physical & Engineering Sciences in Medicine
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces a 256-channel Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) data acquisition system for high-resolution electrocardiographic (ECG) and electrogastrographic (EGG) recordings. The system achieves a 2 kHz sampling rate per channel, enabling advanced medical research.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Instrumentation
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • High-resolution physiological signal acquisition is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Existing systems often face limitations in sampling rate, channel count, and flexibility.
  • Need for a versatile, high-performance data acquisition system for ECG, EGG, and LP recordings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel 256-channel FPGA-based data acquisition system.
  • To achieve high sampling rates and flexible parameter selection for physiological recordings.
  • To ensure the system meets clinical safety and portability requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for system control.
  • Implemented a 12-bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter with 800ns conversion time.

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  • Employed an overlapping delay technique to achieve 2 kHz sampling rate per channel with a single A/D converter.
  • Integrated a 16-bit parallel I/O interface (S11W) for computer connectivity.
  • Incorporated programmable gain (50-10,000) and selectable filters (ECG, EGG, LP).

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved a 2 kHz sampling rate per channel and over 1MB/s overall data throughput.
    • System supports independent selection of eight gain levels and three distinct frequency filters.
    • Programmable sampling frequencies range from 2 Hz to 2 kHz.
    • The system is fully battery-operated and defibrillation-protected.
    • Demonstrated suitability for high-resolution ECG, EGG, and LP recordings.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed FPGA-controlled system offers a high-performance, flexible solution for multichannel physiological signal acquisition.
    • Its capabilities are well-suited for advanced medical research and clinical applications.
    • The system's design addresses key limitations of previous data acquisition technologies.