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Overview of clinical trials on endosseous implants
1Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Annals of Periodontology
|March 1, 1997
Summary
Dental implants demonstrate long-term effectiveness, with studies showing a 90% success rate over 5 years. Further research is needed on risk-benefit ratios and accelerating bone formation for wider patient access.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Biomaterials Science
- Oral Surgery
Background:
- Early endosseous implant research focused on anecdotal reports and blade implants.
- The 1978 NIH-Harvard Conference established initial success/failure criteria.
- Subsequent multi-center trials by the Branemark group investigated metallic implants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effectiveness and long-term outcomes of dental implants.
- To address key questions regarding indications, contraindications, management, and risks of dental implants.
- To identify future research directions in dental implantology.
Main Methods:
- Review of non-controlled case reports from the 7 years following the 1988 NIH Conference.
- Analysis of data on various endosteal implant systems in partially and fully edentulous patients.
- Synthesis of information regarding historical development and current status of dental implant research.
Main Results:
- Evidence supports the long-term effectiveness of dental implants, with a reported 90% success rate over 5 years.
- Data on indications, contraindications, management, and health risks remain less well-described, leading to controversies.
- Significant areas for future research include establishing standards of care, risk-benefit ratios, and methods to accelerate bone formation.
Conclusions:
- Dental implants are proven effective for long-term tooth replacement.
- Further research is crucial to standardize care, evaluate risk-benefit profiles, and enhance patient accessibility through bone regeneration techniques.