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Hormone replacement therapy in the menopause

P M Sarrel1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

International Journal of Fertility and Women'S Medicine
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
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Menopause causes estradiol and progesterone reduction, leading to symptoms and long-term health risks. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) effectively manages these issues while mitigating risks associated with estradiol replacement therapy (ERT).

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Women's Health
  • Menopause Management

Background:

  • Menopause results in decreased estradiol and progesterone due to follicular development failure.
  • This hormonal deficiency causes symptoms like hot flushes, sleep disturbance, and vaginal dryness.
  • Ovarian insufficiency leads to long-term issues including osteoporosis and increased cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a structured approach for delivering healthcare during menopause.
  • To discuss the assessment and management of estradiol deficiency symptoms.
  • To review the benefits and risks of hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Main Methods:

  • Initial assessment involves history-taking and physical examination.
  • Utilizing the Menopause Symptom Index (MENSI) for symptom evaluation and treatment monitoring.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employing the vaginal maturation index (M.I.) to guide hormonal treatment decisions.

    • Main Results:

    • Estradiol replacement therapy (ERT) is effective for symptom relief and prevention of menopausal consequences.
    • ERT carries an increased risk of endometrial carcinoma, necessitating progestin co-administration (HRT).
    • A therapeutic range for ERT can be achieved through various hormone preparations and delivery methods.

    Conclusions:

    • Current menopause care involves comprehensive assessment, tailored treatment, and ongoing follow-up.
    • HRT, including progestins, is crucial for protecting women with a uterus during hormone therapy.
    • A structured healthcare approach ensures optimal management of menopausal symptoms and long-term health.