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Antibody pattern in childhood celiac disease
Insights
This study evaluated celiac disease antibodies in children. Antiendomysium antibodies (EmA) demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, suggesting human umbilical cord is a suitable substrate for EmA testing.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Study involved 50 children diagnosed with celiac disease and 25 healthy controls.
- Age range of participants was 7 months to 15 years.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the diagnostic accuracy of different celiac disease-related antibodies.
- To evaluate the efficacy of various substrates for antiendomysium antibody (EmA) detection.
Main Methods:
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for IgA and IgG antigliadin antibodies (AGA).
- Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugate-labeled anti-human immunoglobulin technique was employed for IgA anti-R1-reticulin antibodies (ARA) and EmA.
- EmA were tested using monkey esophagus and human umbilical cord as substrates.
Main Results:
- AGA exhibited high sensitivity but low specificity.
- ARA showed high specificity but low sensitivity.
- EmA demonstrated high sensitivity (96% with monkey esophagus) and specificity (100% with human umbilical cord).
Conclusions:
- Celiac disease-related antibodies are crucial for identifying celiac disease in children.
- Human umbilical cord is a practical and effective substrate for EmA testing, comparable to monkey esophagus.
Background:
We carried out a study of the antibody pattern in 50 celiac children [34 females (F) and 16 males (M); F/M, 2.1], ages 7 months-15 years, compared with that in 25 control subjects (13 females and 12 males) of the same age.
Methods:
IgA and IgG antigliadin antibodies (AGA) were determined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. IgA anti-R1-reticulin antibodies (ARA) and IgA antiendomysium antibodies (EmA) were determined with the fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugate-labeled anti-human immunoglobulin technique. To compare sensitivity and specificity, EmA were identified using monkey esophagus and human umbilical cord as substrates.
Results:
While AGA (IgA and IgG) showed a high sensitivity but a low specificity, ARA showed a high specificity but a low sensitivity. Data on EmA showed a high sensitivity and specificity with both tissue sections, with monkey esophagus being more sensitive (96%) and umbilical cord more specific (100%).
Conclusions:
Our results confirm the importance of celiac disease-related antibodies in identifying celiac children. Moreover, the easy availability of human umbilical cord indicates that it would be proper to use this tissue as substrate, instead of monkey esophagus, for EmA search in the future.