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Three phases of research in validating nursing diagnoses
1Northern Illinois University, School of Nursing, USA.
Western Journal of Nursing Research
|June 1, 1997
Summary
This study clarified nursing definitions for anxiety and fear, validating key characteristics. Nurse experts and clients agreed on critical anxiety indicators, differentiating it from fear.
Area of Science:
- Nursing
- Psychology
- Healthcare
Background:
- Anxiety and fear are critical nursing concepts.
- Clear definitions and differentiating characteristics are essential for accurate diagnosis and care.
- Existing nursing diagnoses require validation and refinement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify nursing definitions of anxiety and fear.
- To validate defining characteristics of these diagnoses by nurse experts and clients.
- To differentiate between anxiety and fear diagnoses.
Main Methods:
- A three-phase project involving concept analysis, nurse expert validation, and client validation.
- Samples included 233 professional nurses and 69 adult clients.
- Data collection involved expert and client consensus on diagnostic criteria.
Main Results:
- Agreement on two critical defining characteristics of anxiety between nurse experts and clients.
- Nurse experts successfully differentiated between anxiety and fear.
- A fear-anxiety syndrome was suggested by literature, experts, and clients.
- Nurse experts recommended defining anxiety using levels.
Conclusions:
- The study provides validated defining characteristics for the nursing diagnosis of anxiety.
- Differentiating anxiety from fear is achievable and clinically relevant.
- Recommendations for refining the nursing diagnosis of anxiety are proposed based on empirical findings.
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