Genetic aspects of the mechanisms of learning

Published data demonstrating the direct involvement of the genome in processes associated with learning are presented. These processes include the intensification of protein and RNA synthesis during learning and induction of early gene expression during learning. The relationship between consolidation of memory traces and protein synthesis is discussed. Along with different types of memory needing induction of gene expression for consolidation, some types of long-term memory are independent of protein synthesis. The use of genetic methods for studying the mechanisms of learning and memory is discussed.