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Pathogen-induced programmed cell death in tobacco

R Mittler1, L Simon, E Lam

  • 1Center for Agricultural Molecular Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Cook College, New Brunswick 08903-0231, USA.

Journal of Cell Science
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Programmed cell death in plants, like tobacco mosaic virus-induced hypersensitive response, shares similarities with animal apoptosis. However, unique plant events include chloroplast DNA changes preceding nuclear DNA fragmentation.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Programmed cell death is a conserved mechanism to prevent pathogen spread in plants and animals.
  • The hypersensitive response (HR) in plants is a form of programmed cell death triggered by pathogen infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphological and biochemical events during the hypersensitive response in tobacco plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus.
  • To compare these events with apoptosis in animal cells.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic observation of cellular changes.
  • Biochemical analysis of DNA fragmentation.
  • Monitoring of chloroplast DNA levels.

Main Results:

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  • Tobacco HR showed similarities to animal apoptosis, including cytoplasmic condensation and nuclear DNA cleavage into 50 kb fragments.
  • Key animal apoptosis features like internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were absent in tobacco HR.
  • A unique finding was the increase in monomeric chloroplast DNA during tobacco HR.
  • Chloroplast and cytosol changes, along with increased monomeric chloroplast DNA, occurred before significant nuclear morphological changes.

Conclusions:

  • Certain programmed cell death mechanisms are conserved between plants and animals.
  • The hypersensitive response in tobacco exhibits both conserved and unique features of programmed cell death.