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Related Experiment Videos

Retrospective study on dengue fatal cases

M P Miagostovich1, R G Ramos, A F Nicol

  • 1Departamento de Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Clinical Neuropathology
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Dengue virus antigens were found in the brain, suggesting infected macrophages may cause dengue encephalitis. This immunohistochemical method is reliable for diagnosing dengue-associated neurological complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Virology
  • Immunohistochemistry

Background:

  • Dengue infection can lead to severe neurological complications like encephalopathy.
  • The precise mechanisms of dengue virus entry into the central nervous system (CNS) remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and localization of dengue virus antigens in the CNS of patients with dengue encephalopathy.
  • To elucidate the potential role of macrophages in dengue virus neuroinvasion.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry using the avidin biotin peroxidase complex method on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
  • Detection of dengue virus antigen and CD68 (macrophage marker) in liver, spleen, lung, and brain tissues from fatal dengue cases.

Main Results:

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  • Dengue virus antigen was detected in phagocytic mononuclear cells in multiple organs.
  • Viral antigens were identified for the first time in the CNS of dengue encephalopathy cases, primarily within Virchow Robin spaces and associated with blood vessels.
  • Dengue antigen-positive cells showed similar morphology and localization to CD68-positive macrophages, suggesting a macrophage lineage.

Conclusions:

  • Infiltration of virus-infected macrophages is a likely pathway for dengue virus entry into the brain.
  • Understanding the role of these infected macrophages is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for dengue-associated encephalitis.
  • Immunohistochemistry is a reliable diagnostic tool for detecting dengue virus in tissue, especially when other signs of damage are nonspecific.