Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 27, 2026
10:52
Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Published on: March 30, 2018
Giant lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) presenting with chylous pleural effusion
M E Blankenship1, J Rowlett, J W Timby
1Department of Surgery, Memorial Medical Center, Savannah, Ga, USA.
Chest
|October 23, 1997
Summary
Giant lymph node hyperplasia, a rare condition, presented uniquely in an adolescent female with chylous pleural effusion. Diagnosis confirmed Castleman
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Giant lymph node hyperplasia, or Castleman's disease, is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder.
- Castleman's disease can present with diverse clinical manifestations.
- Chylous pleural effusion is an uncommon complication of lymphoproliferative disorders.
Observation:
- A female adolescent presented with a chylous pleural effusion, an atypical initial symptom.
- Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed significant mediastinal lymphadenopathy.
- The effusion's chylous nature suggested lymphatic system involvement.
Findings:
- Lymph node biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Castleman's disease.
- Histopathological analysis identified the plasmacytic variant.
- The co-occurrence of chylous effusion and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in this variant is noteworthy.
Implications:
- This case expands the spectrum of Castleman's disease presentations, particularly in adolescents.
- It underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses in cases of unexplained chylous effusions.
- Further research may elucidate the mechanisms linking Castleman's disease to lymphatic fluid abnormalities.
Related Concept Videos
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
01:25Pleural Effusion I: Introduction
Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's criteria,...
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's criteria,...
01:28Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management
Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
01:24Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
01:27Goiter
Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...
01:20Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...