[Prostatic endometrioid carcinoma: a case report]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Uropathology

Background:

• Prostate cancer diagnosis typically involves evaluating prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and digital rectal examination findings.
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in older men, often presenting with urinary retention.

Observation:

• An 89-year-old male presented with urinary retention and elevated PSA, initially suspected as BPH.
• Histopathology revealed endometrioid carcinoma with positive PSA staining, despite a benign digital rectal exam.
• Recurrence was noted after 37 months, with biopsy showing mixed endometrioid carcinoma and acinar adenocarcinoma.

Findings:

• Endometrioid carcinoma of the prostate is a rare entity that can present similarly to BPH.
• This tumor type can exhibit PSA positivity, complicating initial diagnosis.
• The disease demonstrated potential for recurrence and could coexist with conventional acinar adenocarcinoma.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of thorough histopathological examination for accurate prostate cancer diagnosis, especially in atypical presentations.
• Hormonal therapy, specifically estrogen administration, proved effective in managing recurrent and mixed-type prostate cancer.
• Long-term monitoring is crucial for patients diagnosed with rare prostate cancer subtypes to detect recurrence or progression early.