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A school-based Chlamydia control program using DNA amplification technology

D A Cohen1, M Nsuami, R B Etame

  • 1Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, USA.

Pediatrics
|January 7, 1998
PubMed
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School-based screening for chlamydia using urine tests identified a 6.5% infection rate in students. Girls had higher infection rates than boys, with prevalence increasing with age, highlighting the need for adolescent STD control programs.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Adolescent Health

Background:

  • Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the US, particularly among adolescents.
  • It can lead to severe health consequences like infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease, and may increase HIV transmission risk.
  • Asymptomatic infections necessitate routine screening, with control programs showing decreased prevalence over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of a school-based chlamydia control program.
  • To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among junior and senior high school students using noninvasive urine tests.

Main Methods:

  • Urine-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or ligase chain reaction (LCR) testing for Chlamydia trachomatis was offered to all students in three urban public high schools.

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  • Parental consent was required for participation.
  • Students were counseled, provided with testing, and infected individuals received treatment and referrals.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence was 6.5% among 1933 tested students (grades 7-12).
    • Infection rates were significantly higher in girls (9.7%) compared to boys (4.0%), and generally increased with age.
    • The laboratory cost per identified infected student aged 15-19 was $200.

    Conclusions:

    • School-based screening using urine tests is a feasible method for identifying chlamydia infections in adolescents.
    • The high prevalence, especially among girls, underscores the importance of targeted screening and control programs in schools.
    • Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing long-term health complications associated with chlamydia.