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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: clinical characteristics and associated systemic disorders
1Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|January 8, 1998
Summary
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), or canker sores, are common oral ulcers. Identifying multifactorial causes and associated systemic disorders is key for effective diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oral Medicine
- Immunodermatology
- Clinical Diagnosis
Background:
- Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a prevalent inflammatory oral mucosal condition.
- It presents as recurrent oral ulcers, with some variants causing significant pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, immunology, clinical correlations, and therapy of RAS.
- To emphasize accurate diagnosis and classification of RAS based on morphology and severity.
Main Methods:
- Clinical evaluation and diagnosis of RAS.
- Classification of RAS by morphology (MiAU, MjAU, HU) and severity (simple/complex).
- Consideration of multifactorial causes and associated systemic disorders.
Main Results:
- RAS etiology is multifactorial, influenced by trauma, smoking, stress, hormones, genetics, diet, and immune factors.
- Differential diagnosis includes Behçet's disease, MAGIC syndrome, FAPA syndrome, cyclic neutropenia, and HIV-associated ulcers.
- Identifying correctable causes like hematinic deficiencies and GI diseases can lead to remission.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis and classification of RAS are crucial for management.
- Understanding the multifactorial nature of RAS is essential for effective treatment.
- Identifying and treating associated systemic disorders or correctable causes can significantly improve patient outcomes.