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Markers of diabetic nephropathy
1Department of Community, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
|January 27, 1998
Summary
Diabetic nephropathy involves both kidney glomeruli and tubules. Tubular damage markers may appear before microalbuminuria, aiding early detection of diabetic kidney disease.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Diabetology
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus.
- Microalbuminuria signifies early glomerular damage.
- Emerging evidence points to tubular damage in diabetic kidney disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review serum and urinary markers for early diabetic nephropathy detection.
- To discuss glomerular and tubular markers.
- To evaluate marker advantages and disadvantages.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on diabetic nephropathy markers.
- Analysis of glomerular markers (e.g., transferrin, fibronectin).
- Analysis of tubular markers (e.g., low molecular weight proteins, enzymes, antigens).
Main Results:
- Tubular damage markers can be detected before microalbuminuria.
- Various glomerular and tubular markers show promise for early detection.
- Specific markers include beta 2 microglobulin, retinol binding protein, and urinary enzymes.
Conclusions:
- Tubular markers offer potential for earlier detection of diabetic nephropathy than glomerular markers alone.
- A combination of glomerular and tubular markers may improve diagnostic accuracy.
- Further research is needed to validate these markers in clinical practice.