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Related Experiment Videos

Eosinophils in acute appendicitis: possible significance

K P Aravindan1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Medical College, Calicut.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|January 28, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Eosinophil infiltration in the appendix wall is a key early indicator of acute appendicitis, potentially suggesting a hypersensitivity trigger for the disease. This finding aids in understanding appendicitis pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Appendicitis is a common surgical emergency.
  • The exact pathogenesis of acute appendicitis remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of eosinophils and mast cells in the muscularis layer of the appendix in acute appendicitis.
  • To explore potential etiological factors, such as hypersensitivity, in appendicitis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 120 appendicectomies and 20 autopsy appendices, categorized into acute appendicitis, acute presentation without diagnosis, elective appendicectomies, and normal controls.
  • Quantification of eosinophils and mast cells in Giemsa-stained muscularis sections.
  • Statistical comparison of cell counts between groups.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher mean eosinophil counts (215.9/mm²) were observed in acute appendicitis cases compared to other groups (p < 0.0001).
  • Eosinophil counts showed no overlap between acute appendicitis and elective/normal appendectomies.
  • Cases with eosinophil infiltration exhibited mast cell degranulation, suggesting a link between these cells.

Conclusions:

  • Eosinophil infiltration of the appendiceal muscularis is an early and consistent feature of acute appendicitis.
  • The findings support the hypothesis that acute appendicitis may be triggered by Type I Hypersensitivity, with infection potentially being a secondary event.

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