Radon: a human carcinogen

Radon is a naturally occurring, radioactive gas that is found in Group 0 of the periodic table. Normally, it is found in extremely low levels in air but can, in certain geological formations, be a significant component of soil gas. Doses from radon are the largest component of the average radiation exposure for the UK general population. Certain areas, e.g. Cornwall, of the UK have been found to have elevated levels of radon in dwellings and these have been classified as Affected Areas. Here authorities can declare that radon prevention measures are needed in new houses and that existing houses with high levels should be identified and remedied. In radon Affected Areas, individuals, in homes and the workplace, can be receiving high doses of radiation. There is overwhelming evidence that exposure to radon, at the levels found in mines, leads to lung cancer. But what happens when individuals are exposed to the lower levels found in homes and the majority of workplaces? There is clear biological evidence for the role of radon inducing lung cancer and the epidemiological evidence is now beginning to emerge. The population at large needs to act. When high levels are found in buildings, prompt action needs to be taken to reduce levels via proven technology.