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Human abilities

R J Sternberg1, J C Kaufman

  • 1Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8205, USA. robert.sternberg@yale.edu

Annual Review of Psychology
|March 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores diverse theories of human intelligence, examining cognitive, biological, and psychometric perspectives. Understanding intelligence mechanisms is key to how individuals adapt to and shape their environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Human Abilities Research

Background:

  • The concept of human intelligence has been explored through various lenses.
  • Understanding intelligence is crucial for explaining individual differences in environmental adaptation.
  • Recent literature, particularly from the 1990s, offers diverse perspectives on human abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize recent literature on human abilities, focusing on intelligence.
  • To explore different theoretical approaches to defining and understanding intelligence.
  • To examine the common goal across diverse intelligence theories: explaining environmental adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies primarily from the 1990s.
  • Analysis of various definitions and implicit theories of intelligence.

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  • Examination of cognitive, biological, psychometric, and broad contemporary approaches to intelligence.

    • Main Results:

    • Intelligence is multifaceted, with no single universally accepted definition.
    • Different approaches (cognitive, biological, psychometric) yield varied insights into intelligence.
    • A common thread across approaches is the focus on mechanisms of environmental adaptation, selection, and shaping.

    Conclusions:

    • The study highlights the complexity and diverse theoretical frameworks surrounding human intelligence.
    • Understanding the mechanisms of intelligence is essential for explaining how individuals interact with and influence their surroundings.
    • Continued exploration of different approaches is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of intelligence and adaptation.