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Fulminant hepatic failure

D Bernstein1, J Tripodi

  • 1State University of New York School of Medicine, Stony Brook, USA.

Critical Care Clinics
|April 30, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a severe liver condition with high mortality, often caused by viral hepatitis or drug injury. Early recognition and intensive care are crucial for managing FHF and determining transplant eligibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Transplantation

Background:

  • Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a critical condition with high mortality in patients with previously healthy livers.
  • While viral hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury are common causes, the etiology of FHF remains unknown in many cases.
  • Encephalopathy is a consistent clinical feature, though elevated transaminases do not correlate with injury severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key aspects of fulminant hepatic failure.
  • To highlight diagnostic and prognostic indicators.
  • To outline current management strategies, including supportive care and liver transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract synthesizes current knowledge on FHF.
  • It reviews clinical presentation, etiology, and diagnostic findings.

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  • It discusses prognostic indicators and treatment approaches.

    • Main Results:

    • Elevated transaminases are common but do not correlate with liver injury extent.
    • Prothrombin time, bilirubin, creatinine, and arterial pH are crucial prognostic indicators.
    • Prompt recognition and management in an intensive care setting are vital.

    Conclusions:

    • Fulminant hepatic failure requires immediate recognition and intensive care management.
    • Prognostic indicators guide treatment decisions and triage to liver transplantation centers.
    • Supportive care is the primary treatment, with liver transplantation reserved for specific cases.