Development of a 3D CT-scanner using a cone beam and video-fluoroscopic system

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Biomedical Engineering
• Radiology

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) imaging is crucial for visualizing complex anatomical structures.
• Existing computed tomography (CT) systems have limitations in acquiring high-resolution 3D data for specific applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and implement a novel 3D CT system capable of acquiring detailed 3D data of high-contrast objects.
• To evaluate the system's utility for clinical imaging and 3D image processing.

Main Methods:

• A cone beam and video-fluoroscopic system was developed, integrating an X-ray tube and a large area 2D detector (fluorescent plate and CCD camera).
• The system rotated around the object, acquiring 360 projected images using pulsed X-rays (30 pulses/sec) within a 12-second scan.
• A 256x256x256 matrix image was reconstructed using a high-speed parallel processor, with reconstruction taking approximately 6 minutes.

Main Results:

• The 3D CT system successfully acquired data from high-contrast objects like bone, lung, and contrast-enhanced blood vessels.
• Real 3D format visualization was achieved for thoracic structures (bronchial, vascular, mediastinal) and cranial structures (bones, air cavities).
• Scans were performed on two volunteers, demonstrating the system's capability in anatomical imaging.

Conclusions:

• The developed 3D CT scanner provides data suitable for clinical imaging applications.
• The system shows promise for advanced 3D image processing, enhancing diagnostic capabilities.
• This technology offers a valuable tool for visualizing high-contrast anatomical details in a true 3D format.