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Distraction osteogenesis: application to dentofacial orthopedics
1Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033, USA.
Seminars in Orthodontics
|May 9, 1998
Summary
Distraction osteogenesis is a surgical technique that lengthens bone by separating a fracture callus. This method effectively generates new bone for treating craniofacial anomalies and limb lengthening.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Craniofacial Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Distraction osteogenesis is a surgical-orthopedic method for bone lengthening.
- It involves separating or distracting a fracture callus to generate new bone.
- This technique has applications in limb lengthening and craniofacial reconstruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the biological basis of distraction osteogenesis.
- To discuss recent clinical applications in craniofacial anomalies.
- To cover the history, theory, management, and limitations of the technique.
Main Methods:
- Surgical separation of bone segments (osteotomy).
- Gradual distraction (separation) of the bone segments using a device.
- Bone regeneration within the distraction gap.
Main Results:
- Distraction osteogenesis produces significant quantities of living bone.
- Large antero-posterior and vertical mandibular corrections (10-22 mm) are achievable.
- The technique offers advantages over traditional bone grafting.
Conclusions:
- Distraction osteogenesis is a powerful method for bone regeneration.
- It is effective in treating craniofacial anomalies.
- The technique has a solid biological basis and established clinical applications.