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Vancomycin-resistant enterococci

R C Moellering1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|May 23, 1998
PubMed
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Enterococci are opportunistic pathogens causing frequent urinary tract infections. Their resistance to antibiotics, including vancomycin, poses significant healthcare challenges and risks of spreading resistance to other bacteria.

Area of Science:

  • * Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
  • * Antimicrobial Resistance
  • * Hospital-Acquired Infections

Background:

  • * Enterococci, typically normal gut flora, are increasingly recognized as significant nosocomial pathogens.
  • * They exhibit intrinsic resistance to several antibiotic classes, including beta-lactams and aminoglycosides.
  • * Enterococci were the first bacteria to develop vancomycin resistance, posing treatment challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To highlight the emergence of enterococci as formidable nosocomial pathogens.
  • * To discuss the challenges associated with antimicrobial resistance in enterococci, particularly vancomycin resistance.
  • * To underscore the threat of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) disseminating resistance genes.

Main Methods:

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  • * Review of existing literature on enterococcal infections and antimicrobial resistance.
  • * Analysis of clinical significance and epidemiological trends of enterococci in healthcare settings.
  • * Examination of the mechanisms and implications of vancomycin resistance acquisition.

Main Results:

  • * Enterococci are a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, primarily urinary tract infections.
  • * Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are prevalent, with infection control measures proving insufficient.
  • * Nitrofurantoin remains effective for urinary tract infections, but therapeutic options for systemic VRE infections are limited.

Conclusions:

  • * Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) represent a major public health threat due to their resistance and potential to transfer resistance genes.
  • * Effective infection control strategies are crucial to prevent VRE dissemination in hospitals.
  • * Further research into novel therapeutic approaches for VRE infections is warranted.