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[Lingual thyroid. A case report]

L Sánchez Galán1, J Preciado López, J García Cano

  • 1Servicio de O.R.L., Hospital San Millán de Logroño.

Anales Otorrinolaringologicos Ibero-Americanos
|July 11, 1998
PubMed
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A rare ectopic thyroid development, lingual thyroid occurs when the thyroid gland fails to descend. Diagnosis is typically scintigraphic, with thyrotoxicosis managed by thyroxine or surgical intervention for severe cases.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Lingual thyroid is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from the failure of the thyroid gland's descent during embryonic development.
  • This ectopic thyroid tissue located at the base of the tongue is an uncommon developmental disorder.

Observation:

  • Symptomatic presentations of lingual thyroid are infrequent, with approximately 400 cases documented in medical literature.
  • Patients may present with symptoms related to airway obstruction, dysphagia, or thyrotoxicosis.

Findings:

  • Diagnostic confirmation of lingual thyroid primarily relies on scintigraphy, utilizing radioactive iodine uptake to identify ectopic thyroid tissue.
  • Thyroid function tests are essential to assess the functional status of the ectopic gland.

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Implications:

  • Management strategies for symptomatic lingual thyroid are tailored to the individual's clinical presentation.
  • Initial treatment for symptomatic cases involves thyroxine hormone replacement therapy to manage hypothyroidism or suppress TSH.
  • Surgical excision is reserved for severe or life-threatening complications such as significant airway compromise or uncontrollable thyrotoxicosis.