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Enhanced immunogenicity of microencapsulated tetanus toxoid with stabilizing agents
1Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
Pharmaceutical Research
|August 4, 1998
Summary
Co-encapsulating additives like BSA, trehalose, or calcium salts with tetanus toxoid (TT) in microspheres (MS) preserves antigenicity. This approach enhances vaccine efficacy and allows for optimized single-dose formulations.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Vaccine Development
- Immunology
Background:
- Antigenic proteins in biodegradable polyester microspheres (MS) can lose antigenicity due to denaturation or aggregation.
- Maintaining antigen integrity is crucial for effective vaccine formulation and delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the protective effect of co-encapsulated additives on the antigenicity of tetanus toxoid (TT).
- To identify additives that can stabilize TT within MS during storage and rehydration.
Main Methods:
- Mice were immunized with TT encapsulated in MS with various additives (TT-MS-additive).
- Antibody responses were analyzed to assess the immunogenicity of the encapsulated TT.
Main Results:
- Immunization with TT-MS-additives resulted in significantly higher antibody responses compared to TT-MS alone.
- Additives including bovine serum albumin (BSA), trehalose, gamma-hydroxypropylcyclodextrin, and calcium salts demonstrated high efficacy in preserving TT immunogenicity.
- Combinations of BSA with trehalose or calcium salts in MS led to sustained immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Selected additives effectively stabilize TT within MS, preventing antigen degradation during storage and in vivo.
- Regulated antigen release from MS-based vaccines can reduce antigen dosage and optimize single-dose vaccine formulations.