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Costimulation of naive CD8(+) lymphocytes induces CD4 expression and allows human immunodeficiency virus type 1
S G Kitchen1, Y D Korin, M D Roth
1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Abstract:
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection requires cell surface expression of CD4. Costimulation of CD8(+)/CD4(-) T lymphocytes by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies or by allogeneic dendritic cells induced expression of CD4 and rendered these CD8 cells susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Naive CD45RA+ cells responded with greater expression of CD4 than did CD45RO+ cells. CD8(+) lymphocytes derived from fetal or newborn sources exhibited a greater tendency to express CD4, consistent with their naive states. This mechanism of infection suggests HIV-induced perturbation of the CD8 arm of the immune response and could explain the generally rapid disease progression seen in HIV-infected children.