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Chemopreventive agents: selenium

G F Combs1, W P Gray

  • 1Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|October 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Selenium (Se) is essential for nutrition and plays a role in cancer prevention. Supplemental selenium may offer chemopreventive benefits beyond antioxidant functions, particularly at higher intakes.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional biochemistry
  • Cancer chemoprevention
  • Trace element metabolism

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animal and human nutrition.
  • It is a key component of selenocysteine in various enzymes.
  • Selenium compounds show antitumorigenic activity in animal models and may reduce cancer risk in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for selenium's chemopreventive effects.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying selenium's role in cancer prevention.
  • To facilitate the development of selenium compounds as cancer chemopreventive agents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on selenium's role in nutrition and cancer.
  • Analysis of studies on selenium's effects in animal models and human dietary supplementation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of proposed mechanisms involving selenoenzymes and specific selenium metabolites.

    • Main Results:

    • Selenium's essentiality is linked to selenocysteine-containing enzymes.
    • Antitumorigenic effects are observed at both nutritionally adequate and higher selenium intakes.
    • A two-stage model suggests distinct roles for selenoenzymes and metabolites in cancer prevention.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenium supplementation may benefit individuals even with adequate Se intake.
    • Specific selenium metabolites, produced at higher intakes, contribute to antitumorigenic functions.
    • Further research into selenium compounds could advance cancer chemoprevention strategies.