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Mammalian fuel utilization during sustained exercise

G A Brooks1

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3410, USA. GBrooks@Socrates.Berkeley.Edu

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
|October 27, 1998
PubMed
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The crossover concept explains fuel use during exercise, switching from lipids to carbohydrates as intensity rises. The lactate shuttle concept highlights lactate

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Metabolic Biochemistry
  • Comparative Mammalian Physiology

Background:

  • The crossover concept describes substrate utilization shifts during exercise in humans.
  • The lactate shuttle concept explains lactate's role in energy distribution and metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the crossover and lactate shuttle concepts to other mammalian species.
  • To elucidate substrate utilization patterns and metabolic regulation during exercise across mammals.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual extension of established human exercise physiology models.
  • Analysis of metabolic responses based on exercise intensity and substrate utilization.

Main Results:

  • Lipid is the primary fuel for low-intensity exercise (<50% VO2max); carbohydrate (glycogen, glucose) dominates at higher intensities.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Lactate formation and distribution are critical for carbohydrate metabolism and energy transfer during intense exercise.
  • Endocrine, intracellular factors, and adaptations influence substrate balance during sustained exercise.

    • Conclusions:

    • The crossover and lactate shuttle concepts provide a framework for understanding exercise metabolism in diverse mammalian species.
    • Lactate plays a central role in regulating intermediary metabolism, energy distribution, and substrate utilization during exercise.
    • Genotypic and phenotypic adaptations significantly impact metabolic responses to exercise.