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Spatial memory under acute cold and restraint stress

M J Stillman1, B Shukitt-Hale, A Levy

  • 1Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760-5007, USA.

Physiology & Behavior
|November 17, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Stress, particularly cold-restraint, significantly impairs spatial memory in rats. Performance deficits correlate with stress severity, suggesting underlying neurochemical changes like altered cholinergic function.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Stress Physiology

Background:

  • Spatial memory is crucial for survival and is sensitive to environmental factors.
  • Stress and its physiological consequences can significantly impact cognitive functions, including memory.
  • Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of stress-induced memory impairment is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of different stress conditions on spatial memory performance.
  • To determine the relationship between stress severity and the extent of memory impairment.
  • To explore potential neurochemical mechanisms, such as cholinergic function, involved in stress-related memory deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the win-shift radial arm maze (RAM) procedure in male Fischer 344 rats.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exposed rats to normothermic-restraint or cold-restraint stress conditions for 15 minutes.
  • Assessed spatial memory using RAM performance metrics (correct choices, total choices, time per choice) post-stress.

    • Main Results:

    • Both restraint and cold stress significantly impaired RAM performance compared to controls.
    • Cold-restraint induced more severe performance decrements than normothermic-restraint.
    • Memory deficits in normothermic-restrained rats resolved by the next day, while cold-restrained rats showed persistent impairment.

    Conclusions:

    • Restraint and cold stress negatively impact spatial memory performance in rats.
    • The severity of the stressor directly correlates with the degree of cognitive impairment.
    • Altered hippocampal cholinergic function may mediate the behavioral deficits observed under cold stress.