Healing of the displaced condylar process fracture: an experimental study

Healing of the displaced condylar process fracture was analysed by means of an experimental model using adults rats. Displaced fractures of the right condylar process were achieved under general anaesthesia. Histological data initially demonstrated neutrophilic exudation along the articular capsule and adjacent muscle fibres. One week later, devitalized bone areas at the fracture site, as well as proliferation of cartilaginous and osseous tissue were observed. Subsequently, exuberant callus formation and a decrease in the inflammatory process occurred. After 3 months, the condylar process presented characteristics of normality and was centralized into the temporal fossa, with interposition of the articular disc. These results indicate that experimentally induced, displaced condylar process fractures heal by callus formation with simultaneous repositioning of the condyle.