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Structure and technofunctional properties of protein-polysaccharide complexes: a review
C Schmitt1, C Sanchez, S Desobry-Banon
1Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine, Ecole Nationale d'Agronomie et des Industries Alimentairs, Laboratoire de Physico-chimie et Génie Alimentaires, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
|December 16, 1998
Summary
Food proteins and polysaccharides interact to form complexes with enhanced functional properties. These complexes, influenced by various factors, have diverse applications in food formulation and biomaterials.
Area of Science:
- Food science and materials science
- Biopolymer interactions and complex coacervation
Background:
- Proteins and polysaccharides are fundamental structural components in food.
- Their interactions in aqueous environments typically result in two-phase systems.
- Complex coacervation, driven by net attraction (often electrostatic), forms protein-polysaccharide complexes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the formation and stability of protein-polysaccharide complexes.
- To understand the influence of physicochemical and mechanical factors on complexation.
- To highlight the improved functional properties and applications of these complexes.
Main Methods:
- Exploration of physicochemical factors (pH, ionic strength, ratios, charge, molecular weight).
- Investigation of temperature and mechanical factors (pressure, shear rate, time).
- Analysis of resulting complex properties and phase behavior.
Main Results:
- Protein-polysaccharide interactions lead to complex coacervation and phase separation.
- Formation and stability are modulated by pH, ionic strength, molecular weight, and mechanical forces.
- Complexes exhibit superior hydration, structuration, and surface properties compared to individual components.
Conclusions:
- Protein-polysaccharide complexes possess enhanced functionalities due to synergistic interactions.
- These complexes offer significant potential in food formulation, biomaterial synthesis, and purification processes.
- Understanding the factors governing complexation is key to optimizing their application.