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Psychiatric issues affecting long duration space missions

N Kanas1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center 94121, USA. nick21@itsa.ucsf.edu

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
|December 18, 1998
PubMed
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Space travel presents unique psychiatric challenges, including adjustment disorders and mood changes. Understanding and managing these mental health issues is crucial for crew well-being on long-duration missions.

Area of Science:

  • Space Medicine
  • Psychiatry
  • Human Spaceflight

Background:

  • Psychological screening for space missions is evolving, with relaxed criteria for near-Earth endeavors.
  • Interplanetary missions necessitate self-reliance in managing psychiatric issues due to no evacuation possibilities.
  • Knowledge of space-related psychiatric difficulties and treatments is vital for both ground support and astronauts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review psychiatric challenges and countermeasures for long-duration space missions.
  • To inform space travelers and support personnel about potential mental health issues in space.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anecdotal reports from long-duration manned space missions.
  • Analysis of studies from terrestrial space analog environments.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Space Human FactorsNon-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • Identified psychiatric issues include adjustment disorders, psychosomatic reactions, asthenia, mood/thought disorders, and post-mission changes.
  • Effective countermeasures involve pre-launch training, in-mission support/therapy, and post-mission debriefings.
  • Psychoactive medications are useful, but microgravity's pharmacokinetic effects require consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Significant knowledge exists regarding psychiatric issues in long-duration space travel.
  • Further empirical research during actual space missions is necessary to advance understanding and treatment.