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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)
Published on: May 20, 2013
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of clenbuterol from urine
Abstract:
Clenbuterol which is mostly used as an anabolic agent. It is also used for treatment of asthma. Clenbuterol was analysed from urine by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. GC-MS parameters were determined. Timolol was used as an internal standard. Extraction and derivatisation procedure of clenbuterol from urine were developed. Clenbuterol was extracted by using diethylether/ter-butanol (4:1; v:v) and pH 12 K2CO3/KHCO3 (3:2; w:w) buffer. MSTFA/NH4I (1 ml/10 mg) mixture was used for derivatization of clenbuterol. Selected ions of clenbuterol-bis-TMS were m/z: 405, 337, 336, 335, 300, and 227. Extraction yield and minimum detection limit of clenbuterol from urine were identified. Extraction yield was 94.30% and minimum detection was found 0.02 ng ml(-1) urine. It has been concluded that the GC-MS method is sensitive, accurate, precise, and reproducible for analysing of clenbuterol from urine.
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