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Fluid and electrolyte replacement in soccer

D T Kirkendall¹

¹Coach Krzyzewski Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Clinics in Sports Medicine

|January 29, 1999

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Soccer players have many chances to drink fluids during matches, even though traditional advice limits intake. These fluid replacement strategies, often for continuous exercise, can be adapted for intermittent sports like soccer.

Area of Science:

Sports Science
Exercise Physiology
Environmental Health

Background:

Soccer is frequently played in diverse environmental conditions.
Traditional fluid replacement guidelines often focus on continuous endurance activities.
Opportunities for fluid ingestion exist throughout a soccer match, despite common perceptions.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the applicability of existing fluid replenishment recommendations for intermittent sports.
To highlight the numerous, often overlooked, opportunities for fluid intake during soccer games.
To adapt continuous exercise fluid guidelines for the specific demands of soccer.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on fluid balance during exercise.
Analysis of soccer match play to identify fluid ingestion opportunities.

Related Experiment Videos

Adaptation of continuous exercise hydration models for intermittent activity.

Main Results:

Numerous, practical opportunities for fluid ingestion are available during soccer matches.
Standard fluid replacement principles for continuous exercise can be effectively applied to soccer.
Environmental conditions can influence hydration needs during play.

Conclusions:

Soccer players can effectively manage hydration by utilizing available opportunities for fluid intake.
Existing hydration strategies for endurance athletes are transferable to intermittent sports like soccer.
Optimized fluid replacement is crucial for maintaining performance in soccer.