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Hypodontia in patients with Down's syndrome
S R Mestrović1, Z Rajić, J S Papić
1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb.
Collegium Antropologicum
|February 10, 1999
Summary
This study found that 38.6% of individuals with Down syndrome have hypodontia, most commonly affecting upper lateral incisors. Dental anomalies varied based on Angle classification, highlighting the need for specialized dental care in this population.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Dentistry
- Human Biology
Background:
- Down syndrome is a genetic disorder associated with various health complications.
- Dental anomalies, including hypodontia (congenital absence of teeth), are frequently observed in individuals with Down syndrome.
- Understanding the prevalence and patterns of hypodontia is crucial for dental management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of hypodontia in a cohort of individuals with Down syndrome.
- To identify the specific teeth most commonly affected by hypodontia.
- To analyze the relationship between hypodontia patterns and Angle's classification of malocclusion.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 112 subjects with cytogenetically confirmed Down syndrome, aged 12-36 years, was recruited.
- Dental examinations and orthopantomogram (OPG) analyses were performed to diagnose hypodontia.
- Data on missing teeth and Angle's classification were collected and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Hypodontia was present in 38.6% of the subjects with Down syndrome.
- The most frequently missing teeth were upper lateral incisors.
- Specific patterns of hypodontia were observed in relation to Angle class I, II, and III malocclusions, with variations between maxilla and mandible.
Conclusions:
- Hypodontia is a common dental finding in individuals with Down syndrome.
- The pattern of tooth agenesis is influenced by the type of malocclusion.
- Regular dental surveillance and tailored treatment plans are recommended for individuals with Down syndrome.