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[Immune status in hiv-infected patients with candidosis]

Sh G Ibragimova, A A Kadyrova, G M Nasrullaeva

    Georgian Medical News
    |December 10, 2009
    PubMed

    Insights

    HIV infection with candidosis significantly impairs immune status, reducing CD4+ T-cells and phagocytic activity while increasing immunoglobulin and immune complex levels. This highlights critical immune dysregulation in co-infected patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • HIV/AIDS Research

    Background:

    • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection profoundly impacts the immune system.
    • Candidosis is a common opportunistic infection in individuals with HIV.
    • Understanding immune changes in HIV patients with candidosis is crucial for management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate alterations in immune status among HIV-infected patients with and without candidosis.
    • To compare immunological parameters between HIV-positive patients (with/without candidosis) and a healthy control group.

    Main Methods:

    • Study included 52 adult patients: HIV+ with candidosis (n=22), HIV+ without candidosis (n=10), and controls (n=20).
    • Immunological assessments included lymphocyte immunophenotyping (CD3+, CD4+), NBT test for phagocytic activity, immunoglobulin levels, and circulating immune complexes (CIC).
    • Analysis focused on changes in T-cell counts, humoral immunity, phagocytic function, and CIC levels.

    Main Results:

    • HIV-positive patients showed reduced CD3+ and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts.
    • Humoral immunity disturbances included hyperproduction of IgG, IgM, and IgA.
    • Significantly decreased immunoregulatory index (IRI) (0.418+/-0.06 vs. 1.6+/-0.04 in controls), elevated CIC levels (80.9+/-4.5 vs. 49.2+/-1.6 in controls), and reduced NBT test activity were observed in HIV-infected patients, particularly those with candidosis.

    Conclusions:

    • HIV infection, especially with candidosis, leads to significant immune dysregulation.
    • Key findings include T-cell depletion, altered humoral immunity, impaired phagocytosis, and increased CIC.
    • These immunological changes underscore the severity of co-infection and the need for targeted interventions.

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