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Acute renal failure in a patient with mantle cell lymphoma

Sandeep Peddi1, Rapur Ram1, Sudheer Reddy Kataru2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India.

Hemodialysis International. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis
|October 9, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Mantle cell lymphoma, a rare B-cell cancer, can infiltrate the kidneys, causing glomerular lesions and acute renal failure. This case highlights a second documented instance of such extensive renal involvement by lymphoma cells.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Nephrology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Renal involvement in MCL is uncommon, with limited documented cases of glomerular and tubulointerstitial infiltration.

Observation:

  • A 54-year-old male presented with mantle cell lymphoma, diagnosed via CD20, CD5, and cyclin D1 expression.
  • The patient developed acute renal failure and proteinuria, prompting a renal biopsy.
  • Renal biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis and tubulointerstitial infiltration by lymphoma cells.

Findings:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed lymphoma cells in both lymph node and kidney tissue.
  • This case represents the second reported instance of glomerular and tubulointerstitial infiltration by malignant lymphoma cells in MCL.
  • The findings underscore the potential for extranodal involvement of the kidneys in mantle cell lymphoma.

Implications:

  • This case expands the understanding of mantle cell lymphoma's extranodal manifestations.
  • It highlights the importance of considering lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure with proteinuria.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and clinical outcomes of renal infiltration in MCL.

Keywords:
Acute renal failurecrescentic glomerulonephritislymphomatous infiltrationmantle cell lymphomarenal biopsy

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