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La raza, la etnia y los premios de investigación de los NIH
Donna K Ginther1, Walter T Schaffer, Joshua Schnell
1Department of Economics and Center for Science, Technology & Economic Policy, Institute for Policy & Social Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. dginther@ku.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 20, 2011
Resumen
Las disparidades raciales persisten en la financiación de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud (NIH). Los investigadores negros o afroamericanos tienen significativamente menos probabilidades de recibir fondos de investigación iniciados por investigadores de los NIH en comparación con los solicitantes blancos, incluso después de controlar las calificaciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Servicios de salud Investigación Servicios de salud Investigación
- Disparidades en la salud Disparidades en la salud
- Análisis del financiamiento de la subvención Análisis del financiamiento de la subvención
Sus antecedentes:
- Las becas de investigación iniciadas por los investigadores son cruciales para el avance científico.
- Comprender las disparidades de financiación es esencial para un apoyo equitativo a la investigación.
- Los Institutos Nacionales de la Salud (NIH) son una fuente primaria de financiación de la investigación biomédica en los Estados Unidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar la asociación entre la raza / etnia del solicitante y la probabilidad de adjudicación de NIH R01.
- Identificar posibles sesgos en el proceso de asignación de fondos de investigación de los NIH.
- Informar las intervenciones políticas destinadas a promover la equidad en la financiación de la investigación.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de la base de datos de subvenciones NIH IMPAC II y de la Web de Ciencia de Thomson Reuters.
- Analizó las probabilidades de financiación en diferentes grupos raciales y étnicos.
- Controlado para las calificaciones del solicitante, incluida la educación, la capacitación y el registro de publicaciones.
Principales resultados:
- Las propuestas con fuertes puntuaciones de prioridad fueron financiadas equitativamente en todos los grupos raciales.
- Los solicitantes asiáticos tenían 4 puntos porcentuales menos probabilidades de recibir financiación que los solicitantes blancos.
- Los solicitantes negros o afroamericanos tenían 13 puntos porcentuales menos probabilidades de recibir financiación que los solicitantes blancos, con una disparidad de 10 puntos porcentuales después de controlar las covariantes.
Conclusiones:
- Existen importantes disparidades raciales en la financiación de NIH R01.
- Incluso después de tener en cuenta las calificaciones, los solicitantes negros se enfrentan a menores probabilidades de financiación.
- Se necesitan intervenciones políticas para abordar estas desigualdades en la asignación de fondos para la investigación.
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