介護施設における事前指示プログラムの体系的な実施:ランダム化制御試験
D W Molloy1, G H Guyatt, R Russo
1Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada. molloy@mcmaster.ca
JAMA
|March 25, 2000
まとめ
介護施設で事前指示を体系的に実施することで,入院や医療費が減りました. 意思決定に対する患者と家族の満足度,および死亡率は,このプログラムによって影響を受けませんでした.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- バイオエシック バイオエシック
背景:
- 先行指令は広く使用されているが,その体系的な実施効果は十分に研究されていない.
- 介護老人ホームの住人は,多くの場合,明確な終末期ケア計画を必要とする複雑な健康ニーズを持っています.
研究 の 目的:
- 介護施設で体系的に実施された事前指示プログラムの影響を評価する.
- 意思決定と医療費に対する患者と家族の満足度への影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- ランダム化制御試験は,オンタリオの6つの介護施設で4年間にわたって実施されました.
- この介入は,職員,居住者,および家族に対して,事前指示に関する教育を行いました.
- 介護施設の満足度と資源利用率について,介入と対照介護施設を比較した.
主要な成果:
- 体系的な事前指示の実施により,入院者が大幅に減り,医療費の平均が低下しました.
- 患者または家族の満足度レベルにおいて,グループ間の有意な差異は観察されなかった.
- 死亡率は,介入療養施設と対照療養施設の両方で類似していました.
結論:
- 体系的な事前指示プログラムは,介護施設での医療利用を減らすことができます.
- これらのプログラムは,患者/家族の満足度や死亡率に悪影響を及ぼさない.
- このアプローチは,長期介護施設における終末介護の計画を改善するための実行可能な戦略を提供します.
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