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関連する概念動画

Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Base Excision Repair01:54

Base Excision Repair

One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
The first step of...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

BRCA2はBRCA2-DSS1-ssDNA構造からのDNA結合と再結合において機能する.

Haijuan Yang1, Philip D Jeffrey, Julie Miller

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Sloan-Kettering Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 14, 2002
PubMed
まとめ

BRCA2変異は,DNA修復を妨害することで癌を引き起こす. この研究は,BRCA2の構造を明らかにし,それがDNAと結合し,二重鎖の断裂を修復するために不可欠な同類の再結合を助けることを示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging
06:44

Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging

Published on: April 28, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging
06:44

Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging

Published on: April 28, 2021

科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
  • 構造生物学 構造生物学とは

背景:

  • BRCA2 (乳がん感受性遺伝子2) の変異は,染色体不安定に関連しています.
  • 二重鎖DNA断裂 (DSB) の同類再結合修復における欠陥が示唆されているが,BRCA2の正確な役割は不明である.

研究 の 目的:

  • 同型再結合におけるBRCA2の構造的・生化学的メカニズムを解明する.
  • BRCA2関連がんの分子基盤を提供するため.

主な方法:

  • DSS1とDNAに結合したBRCA2ドメインの構造を決定するX線結晶学.
  • DNA結合と再結合活動を評価するための生化学的測定法.

主要な成果:

  • ~90 kDaのBRCA2ドメインの結晶構造は,3つのオリゴヌクレオチド結合 (OB) 折りたたみとヘリックス・ターン・ヘリックス (HTH) モチーフを明らかにしています.
  • BRCA2ドメインが単鎖DNAに結合することを実証し,HTHモチーフが二重鎖DNA結合に関与することを示唆した.
  • BRCA2がRAD51媒介による再結合を直接刺激することを示した.

結論:

  • BRCA2は,DSBの修復に不可欠な同類再結合に直接的な役割を果たしています.
  • 構造的および生化学的データは,BRCA2関連の癌およびDNA修復欠陥を理解するための基礎を提供します.