集団的細胞硬毒は,長距離の細胞間力伝達から発生する
Raimon Sunyer1, Vito Conte1, Jorge Escribano2
1Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
まとめ
多細胞群は,単細胞では見られない,指向された細胞移動能力であるデュロタクシスを表します. 細胞とマトリックスとの相互作用や 細胞と細胞の結合によって引き起こされる この集団的行動は 発達や病気にとって極めて重要です
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- バイオ物理学
- 組織工学
背景:
- 細胞の硬直度グラデーションに沿って感知し,移動する能力は,生物学的プロセスにおいて不可欠です.
- 個々の細胞のドロトキシスはよく研究されているが,硬化に反応する集団的な細胞移動はあまり理解されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 多細胞集団における新興ドロタキスを調査する.
- 細胞外マトリックス硬度グラデントに対する集団的な細胞移動の基礎となるメカニズムを解明する.
- 集団的ドロタキスを説明するモデルを開発する.
主な方法:
- 多細胞群を用いた様々な上皮細胞のドロタキシを研究した.
- ミオシンモーターと細胞上の力伝達の役割を調査した.
- 細胞マトリックスと細胞結合ダイナミクスを統合した一般的なクラッチモデルを開発し,利用した.
主要な成果:
- 多細胞群は,個々の細胞がいない時でも,ドロタキシスを示した.
- 集団的ドルトラクシーには ミオシン運動と 細胞上の力伝達が必要です
- 開発されたクラッチモデルは,観察された集団的ドートラクシー現象をうまく説明しました.
結論:
- 集団的ドロトキシスは多細胞系の新興特性である.
- このメカニズムは単細胞のドートラクシーよりもはるかに効率的です.
- 集団的ドルトラクシスは 発達,傷の治癒,癌の侵入に 重要な役割を果たします
関連する概念動画
Cell Motility through Blebbing
2.7K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
2.7K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
5.7K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
5.7K
Role of Myosin in Cell Migration
3.6K
Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
Myosin II is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
Myosin II is a hexamer comprising two heavy chains with globular heads and coiled-coil tails, two regulatory light chains, and two essential light chains. The ATPase sites on the myosin heads hydrolyze ATP, and the released phosphate generates the force for contraction....
3.6K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
3.7K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
3.7K
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
4.1K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
4.1K
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
3.4K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
3.4K


