食品システムを環境の限界に保つための選択肢
Marco Springmann1,2, Michael Clark3, Daniel Mason-D'Croz4,5
1Oxford Martin Programme on the Future of Food, Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. marco.springmann@dph.ox.ac.uk.
Nature
|October 12, 2018
まとめ
世界的な食糧システムは 気候変動や資源の枯渇を促し 環境に重大な影響を及ぼしています 緩和しなければ その影響は2050年までに 惑星の限界を超え 組み合わせた解決策が必要になります
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 食糧システム分析
- 気候変動に関する研究
背景:
- 現在の食糧システムは 世界的な環境破壊の 主な要因です
- 気候変動や土地利用の変化 淡水の枯渇 そして窒素とリンによる生態系の汚染を 引き起こしています
- 予測される人口と所得の成長は,介入なしにこれらの影響を悪化させるでしょう.
研究 の 目的:
- 2050年までに食糧システムの環境への影響を定量化する.
- 食品システムの環境足跡を減らすための緩和戦略を評価する.
- 惑星の限界に環境影響を 抑えられるかどうかを評価する.
主な方法:
- 人口と所得の変化を予測する分析
- 食品システムの環境影響 (気候変動,土地利用,水,栄養汚染) のモデル化
- 緩和策の評価:食生活の変化,技術的改善,食料廃棄物の削減
主要な成果:
- 食品システムの環境への影響は,現在の傾向では2010年から2050年の間に50〜90%増加する可能性があります.
- 予測される衝撃は 惑星の臨界を越える危険性があります
- 単一の緩和措置だけでは不十分です
結論:
- 食事の変化や 技術の進歩と 食料の損失を減らすことの 組み合わせは不可欠です
- 地球規模で持続可能な食糧システムを 確保するには 緊急かつ統合された戦略が必要です
- 食料システムの環境への圧力を 解決することは 人類の安全な活動空間にとって 極めて重要です
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