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相关概念视频

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
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Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

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通过长非编码RNA进行翻译控制.

Anne-Claire Godet1, Emilie Roussel2, Nathalie Laugero2

  • 1UMR 1297-I2MC, Inserm, Université de Toulouse, UT3, Toulouse, France; Threonin Design, 220 Chemin de Montabon, Le Touvet, France.

Biochimie
|August 28, 2023
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概括

长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 通过九种不同的机制在翻译层面调节基因表达. 这些lncRNA与各种疾病有关,包括癌症和神经退行性疾病.

关键词:
癌症 癌症 癌症 癌症病理学 病理学翻译控制 翻译控制在ncRNA中,我们可以

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.

背景情况:

  • 长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs),定义为RNA分子>200核酸,越来越多地被认为是它们的关键细胞功能.
  • 最初被认为是非功能性的,现在已知 lncRNAs 能在不同阶段调节基因表达.
  • 它们的多样化起源包括内部,基因间和重叠区域,在感觉或反感觉方向上起作用.

研究的目的:

  • 提供控制基因翻译的 lncRNAs 的概述.
  • 突出 lncRNAs 在翻译层面使用的多样化分子机制.
  • 为了强调这些lncRNAs在人类病理中的参与.

主要方法:

  • 文献综述和现有关于 lncRNAs 和翻译的研究的综合.
  • 识别和分类 lncRNA介导的转化控制的分子机制.
  • 对 lncRNAs 与疾病状态之间的关联进行分析.

主要成果:

  • LncRNAs通过至少九种不同的分子机制在翻译水平上调节基因表达.
  • 虽然 lncRNAs 的转录调节得到了充分的记录,但翻译控制是一个新兴的领域.
  • 已经确定了广泛的 lncRNAs 影响蛋白质合成.

结论:

  • LncRNAs代表了基因表达调节的重要层,特别是在翻译层面.
  • lncRNAs对转化控制的失调与主要的人类疾病有关,包括癌症,心血管和神经退行性疾病.
  • 对lncRNA介导的翻译机制的进一步研究对治疗策略有希望.