教自闭症谱系障碍儿童基于欲望的情绪预测和因果关系
Angela Persicke1,2, Adel C Najdowski1,2, Jonathan Tarbox1,3
1Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Inc, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Behavior analysis in practice
|September 8, 2023
概括
这项研究开发了一种教学方法,以帮助患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童根据欲望预测他人的情绪. 该程序成功地教授了情绪预测和因果推断,并将其推广到新的情况.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 特殊教育 特殊教育
背景情况:
- 从视角来看,特别是预测他人的情绪,对于社会互动至关重要.
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童在理解和推断他人的情绪状态时经常面临挑战.
- 现有研究强调,需要有效的教学策略来提高这种人群的情绪预测技能.
研究的目的:
- 评估一种旨在增强自闭症儿童情绪预测和因果推理技能的行为教学程序.
- 研究ASD儿童根据满足或未满足的愿望预测情绪的能力.
- 评估学习的情绪预测技能对新奇场景的概括性.
主要方法:
- 实施了一套包含多个示例训练,规则,建模,提示和加强的培训包.
- 该研究包括三名患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童,这些儿童在基线时没有具备目标技能.
- 参与者展示了涉及满足或未满足欲望的场景,以预测情绪反应.
主要成果:
- 行为教学程序导致了情绪预测和因果推理技能的获得.
- 学习的技能一般化为未经训练的,新的场景.
- 推广到in-vivo玩活动需要直接的,面对面的培训.
结论:
- 评估行为教学程序有效地教导自闭症谱系障碍儿童根据欲望预测他人的情绪.
- 虽然观察到对新型场景的概括,但直接的体外训练是必要的,以便在基于游戏的环境中应用.
- 这项研究为开发有针对性的干预措施提供了宝贵的见解,以改善ASD儿童的社会情感理解.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
121
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
121
01:26Modeling in Therapy
116
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
116
02:34Empathy
9.6K
Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor.
9.6K
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
84
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
84
01:28Behaviorism
2.3K
The field of behaviorism was pioneered by figures such as Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, and B.F. Skinner fundamentally shifted the focus of psychology to the observable and controllable aspects of human and animal behavior. This shift marked a critical evolution in the discipline, emphasizing scientific rigor and experimental methodology.
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...
2.3K
01:20Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion
458
Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences...
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences...
458